Riveting device.



PATENTED AUG. 7, 1906.

J. lPBfmBLLI. RIVBTING.` DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED MAR.14, 1905.

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J. PETRBLLI.

RIVETING DEVICE.A

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i No. 827,994. Y PATENTED AUG. 7, 1906.

J. PETRBLLI.

RIVETING DEVICE.-

APPLIUATION'HLED 11113.14, 1905.

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SNOW AND PETRELLI MFG. CO.,

CORPORATION.

OF NEV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A

RIVETING DEVICE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 7, 19064 Application filed March 14, 1905. Serial No. 250,041.

T /J//Z whom, t may concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH PETRELLI, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Riveting Devices; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the numerals of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in-

Figure 1, a view in side elevation of one form which my riveting device may assume; Fig. 2, a view thereof partly in vertical central section and partly in side elevation; Fig. 3, a view of the device in horizontal transverse section on the line a, b of Fig. 2 looking downward; Fig. 4, a detached view, in side elevation, of the two differential pinions separated from each other and showing the locking-rib on one and the locking-groove in the other Fig. 5, a reverse plan view of the upper pinion which contains one more tooth than the lower pinion Fig. 6, a plan view of the lower pinion; Fig. 7, a detached broken view, in side elevation, of the upper end of the hammerlunger, showing the upper cam which is fixed thereupon to rotate therewith. Fig. 8, a detached view, in side elevation, of the lower cam which is carried by the case-body of the device; Fig. 9, a broken view, partly in vertical section and partly in side elevation, showing the anvil-carrier and the anvil, the hammer-guide and the hammer, and also a portion of the bed or table of the lathe to which the anvil-carrier is attached; Fig. l0, a detached plan view of the case-body; Fig. 11, a view, partly in elevation and partly in vertical section, of the'case-body; Fig. 12, a corresponding detached view of the coupling-sleeve; Fig. 13, a view in elevation of the driver and hammer-plunger, showing them disconnected, theupper cam and the hammer being shown as applied to the hammerplunger; Fig. 14, a detached perspective view of the retaining-sleeve employed to hold the lower cam in place; Fig. 15, aI detached view,in end elevation, of the hammer-plunger, showing the hammer and the upper cam; Fig. 16, a detached plan view of the lower cam g Fig. 17, a detached reverse plan view of the lower cam; Fig. 18, a detached plan view of the fulcrum-gear, the collar in which it is mounted, and the handle mounted in the collar; Fig. 19, a view thereof in side elevation; Fig. 20, a detached plan view of the driven gear; Fig. 21, a view thereof in side elevation; Fig. 22, a view in side elevation of one of the modified forms which my improved device may assume, a portion of the frictionring being broken away; Fig. 23, a plan view thereof Fig. 24, a detached plan view of the friction-ring,

My invention relates to an improvement in automatic riveting devices, the object being to provide a compact, durable, convenient, and effective self-contained mechanism constructed so as to produce rivets having symmetrical heads, the device being self-contained in the sense that it is a portable device complete in itself and adapted to be applied to a lathe or other machine havinga revolving spindle or corresponding driven part.

With these ends in view my invention consists in a self-contained riveting device having certain details of construction, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

Y In carrying out my invention, as shown in Figs. 1 to 21, inclusive, of the drawings, I employ a hammer 2, the face 3, Fig. 15, of which will be cut according to the character of the work to be done. This hammer is secured by a screw 4, Fig. 2, in a socket 5 in the lower end of a rotary hammer-plunger 6, having at its upper end an integral annular bearing-flange 7, a flat coupling-lug 8,' rising above the said iiange, and a centering-pin 9, forming an extension of the said lug. An annular upper cam 10, having two corresponding cam-surfaces, is secured by a pin 1 1 to the upper portion of the plunger 6, which passes through it, the fiat up er face of the cam bearing against the flat ower face of the said flange 7, to which the cam corresponds in diameter. The said upper cam coacts with an annular lower cam 12, through which the hammer-plunger 6 also' passes and which corresponds in diameter and in its two cam-surfaces to the said upper cam. The

cam 12 has at its lower end an annular flange' 12, which bears upon an annularwasher 13,

71" 2.a: JI l IOO resting upon the bottom wall or floor of a I large circular chamber 14 in the rotary casebody 15 of the device. To hold the cam 12 in place in the said chamber 14, and yet leave it free to be rotated therein independently thereof, its iiange 12L is engaged by the lower end of a retaining-sleeve 16, adapted in diameter to inclose the said cams 10 and 12 and to fit snugly within the said chamber 14. The said sleeve 16 is itself held in place by the engagement of its upper edge with a flange 17, formed at the lower end of a rotaryshaft-like driver 18, which is located in the upper portion of the said chamber 14, and formed with a central longitudinal centeringhole 19 for the reception of the centering-pin -9 of the hammer-plunger. The said driver 18 is formed at its lower end with a hub 20, having a vertical slot 21 for the reception of the coupling-lug 8 of the hammer-plunger, the said lug reciprocating vertically in the said slot, but never leaving the same, so that the driver 18 and hammer-plunger 6 are always coupled for rotation together. At its upper end the driver 18 has an externallyscrew-threaded neck 22, screwing into a threaded opening 23, formed in the center of the case-cap 24, the inner facel of which around the said opening 23 comes to a bearing upon a shoulder 25, produced by forming the said neck 22, whereby the said driver and cap become as one piece. The upper end of the'driver also has a slightly-tapering'longitudinal opening 26, receiving the tapered lower end of a driving stem or spindle 27, the upper end of which is designed to be entered into the chuck of a lathe or into some other rotating part, whereby the device is suspended and driven. A heavy coiled plungerspring 28, encircling the hub 20 aforesaid and interposed between the lower face of the flange 17 of the driver 18 and the upper face of the iiange 7 of the hammer-plunger 6, causes the hammer 2 to strike a sharp riveting blow when the cam 10 Hdrops offH the cam 12, the coperation of the two cams 1() and 12 effecting the retraction of the hammer-plunger 16, and hence of the hammer 3, against the tension of the said spring. The said case-body 15, which has swivel connection, as will be hereinafter explained, ,with the driver 18, is rotated thereby through the friction developed between the cams 10 and 12 by the said spring 28. On account of being frictionally coupled by the spring 28 with the driver 18 the case-body 15 will tend to rotate therewith and at the speed thereof, and

` thus eHect the rotation of the cam 12 at the speed of the cam 1,0, and so nullify their action upon each other. In order, therefore, to cause one cam to ride over the other and secure the required reciprocation of the plunger, the speed at which the two cams are rotated must by some means be differentiated,

s0 that one cam will gain or lose with respect to the other, for otherwise one cam will not ride upon and drop off the other, as required for the reciprocation of the hammer-plunger. This differential rotation of the cams may be positive and regular or irregular and effected in a variety of ways. As shown in Figs. 1 to 21, inclusive, it is effected by differential gearing, whereby the case-body and hence the lower cam are caused to constantly make a slight loss in their rotation with respect to the plunger and the upper cam. To accomplish this result, I mount a pin 29 in one end of the case-cap 24 and journal upon it a driving-pinion 30 and a driven pinion 31, of which the former has one more tooth than the latter. These two pinions are coupled together by a locking-rib 32, formed on the pinion 31 and entering a locking-slot 33, formed in the pinion 30. (See Figs. 4, 5, and 6.) As thus constructed and combined these two pinions turn together upon the same axis. The driving-pinion 30 meshes into a driven gear 34, having a long depending sleeve 35, formed with internal threads taking into external threads formed at the upper end of a neck 36, produced by reducing the upper end of the case-body 15 in diameter, whereby the said gear'and casebody are rigidly secured together. The said driven pinion 31 meshes into a fulcrum-gear 37, having one less tooth than the driven gear 34 and arranged directly below and concentric with the same and encircling and free to turn upon the upper portion of the depending sleeve 35 thereof. The said fulcrumgear 37 is formed with a short depending sleeve 38, encircling the lower portion of the said sleeve 35 and fitted into a collar 39, with which it is frictionally connected by a screw 40, which may, however, be replaced by some other friction instrumentality or safety mechanism, so that in case the riveting device runs hard or becomes fouled the sleeve 38 will slip in the collar 39 and relieve the strain before breakage occurs. The lower edges of the sleeves 35 and 38 and of the collar 39 bear upon a square shoulder 41, produced on the case-body 15 by forming the neck 36 at the upper end thereof. The said collar 39 has a stem 42, receiving the said screw 40 and carrying a handle 43, which extends out one side and during the operation of the device is eitherheld by the user or allowed to come to a bearing upon some fixed point, such as the frame of the lathe. The said driven gear 34 is formed with an inwardly-extending annular fiange 44, which engages with and rides upon the upper face of an annular flange 45, formed at the upper end of a coupling-sleeve 46, located within the chamber 14 of the case-body 15 and encircling the driver 18, the lower face of the said flange 45 resting upon the upper end of the neck 36 of the case-body. The lower end of the sleeve 46 rests upon a steel washer IOO IOS

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47 in turn resting upon the upper face of the flange 17 at the lower end of the driver 18. A swivel connection between the case-body and the driver is thus secured, so that the case-body is left free to be rotated independently thereof in either direction. As the case-cap 24 rotates the pinions 30 and 31 rotate planet-wise around the driven gear 34 and the fulcrum-gear 87, respectively, the latter forming a point of purchase for the positive reverse rotation of the pinions and the driven gear which reverselyrotates the case-body 15 against the friction of the plunger-spring 28, which tendsto rotate the casebody 15, and hence the cam 12', at the speed of' the driver 18, and hence of the plunger 6 and the cam 10. In explanation of the foregoing it may be explained that as the said pinions and 31 are coupled together and as the latter has one tooth more than the former the driven pinion virtually gains one tooth on the driving-pinion for eacn of their revolutions together. This gain of one tooth will be transmitted to the driven gear 34, mounted upon the upper end of the casebody 15, which will be turned a distance repl resented by one tooth for each complete rev- -the same direction.

olution ofthe pinion 30 and in a direction reverse from the direction in which it is frictionally rotated. This slow reverse rotation of the case-body will be accompanied by a corresponding reverse movement of the lower cam 12 under the upper cam 10 without interfering withtheir rapid rotation together in In other words, the case-body is in this way retarded and the lower cam caused, in effect, to lose a little of each rotation, so that the upper cam gains upon it. This differential movement of the two cams secures the reciprocation of the plunger and hammer and also the formation of symmetrical rivet-heads, because the hammer being left off, so to speak, for its riveting blow at a constantly-changing point in its own cycle of rotation constantly seeks new surfaces to swage or upset, and so produces a symmetrical rivet-head.

In order that the reciprocation of the hammer 2 may be suspended without interfering with its rotation, so that a headed rivet may be replaced under it by an unheaded rivet, provision is made for allowing the lower cam 12 to be temporarily rotated by and synchronously with the upper cam 10. To this end I employ an automatic clutch for the lower cam 12, whereby the same is coupled with and uncoupled from the case-body 15. This clutch comprises a clutch-pin 47 a, passing upward through the lower end of the said case-body into the lower end of the chamber 14 therein in position to enter either one' of two clutch-holes 48 48, formed in the lower face of the lower cam 12, the said pin being mounted so as to move endwise in a4 small externally-threaded bushing 49, entered into a small threaded chamber 50 in the casebody and provided at its lower end with a disk-like operating-button 51, coacting with a shoulder 52, produced by the formation of a wide clearance-recess 53 in the -lower end of the hammer-plunger 6. A spring 54, located in the said chamber 50 and encircling the upper end of the clutch-pin 47, exerts a constant effort to lift the pin and enter its upper end into one or the other of the two clutch- .holes 48 48, formed in the lower face of the cam 12. When the device is in operation, the rivet being headed will crowd the plunger-hammer upward approximately a siX- teenth of an inch, whereby the shoulder 52 will be correspondingly raised and yipermit,

the operating-button 51 to belifted by the spring 54, which will at the same time lift the clutch-pin 47 into one of the clutch-holes 48 of the cam 12, and thus couple the same to the case. When, however, there is no rivet under the face of the hammer 3, the hammerspring 28 will push down the hammer-plunger 6, which will in turn, through the medium of the button 51, draw the clutch-pin 47 downward sufficiently to uncouple the cam 12 from the case-body 15 and leave the cam free to be rotated synchronously with the cam 10, which is held against it by the tension of the spring 28 but the instant the hammer 2, and hence the hammer-plunger 6, are crowded back by the work the clutch-pin will be allowed to rise sufficiently to recouple the lower cam 12 with the case-body, and from that moment the hammer will not only rotate, but reciprocate and strike the blows required for riveting. Under this arrangement no blows will be struck by the hammer except when a rivet is in position to receive them.

I am of course obliged to employ an anvil of some sort. As shown in Fig. 9, a cylindrical anvil 55 is mounted in an anvil-carrier 56, attached by a screw 57 to the bed or table 58 of the lathe and furnished at a-point in line with and directly over the anvil with a bushing-like hammer-guide 59 for the reception of the hammer 2, which reciprocates in it and is by it steadied and prevented from being swerved in either direction at the moment it is doing its work. The said guide 59 is mounted in the upper portion of the anvilcarrier, which is formed with a centrally-arranged clearance-opening 60, which permits the work to be fed through the carrier between the anvil and the hammer,

It is apparent that by simply reversing the position of the pinions 30 and 31 and of the gears 34 and 87 the case-body may be positively advanced in the same direction as that in which it is frictionally rotated, so that the lower cam will constantly gain, as it were, on the upper cam. This reversed arrange- IOO ment of the pinions and gears is so obvious l, shifted, and a spring for causing the plunger as not to require illustration or more specific description.

If desired, I may employ other means for eHecting the differential movement of the two cams, so that one will gain or lose with respect to the other, as required. Thus instead of positively differentiating the speed of the two cams I may effect their differential action by means of the friction device shown in Figs. 22 to 24, inclusive. This consists of a friction-ring consisting of two ringA members 6l and 62, Fig. 24, hinged together by a pin 63 and having ears 64 and 65, receiving an adjusting-screw 66, carrying a spring 67. The ring member 61 is formed with sleeve or hub 68 for the reception of a handle 69, corresponding to the handle 43, already described. To receive this ring, the chambered case 70 is formed with a deep circumferential groove 71, yadapted in width and depth to receive the said friction-ring, between which and the walls of the said groove sufficient friction is produced to very slightly retard the rotation of the case 70, which it will be understood without further description is frictionally rotated with the other parts of the device in the manner provided for in the construction already described. Under this construction the adjusting-screw 66 will be set so that the casebody 70 will be retarded just enough to permit the upper cam to gain on the lower cam the amount required. It is obvious that still further means for differentiating the movement of the two cams might be resorted to and that the mechanism described might be modified in other ways. I would therefore have it understood that I do not limit myself to the construction herein shown and described, but hold myself at liberty to make such departures therefrom as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Iletters Patent, is-

l. In a riveting device, the combination with a rotary case-body, of a rotary hammerplunger, means for rotating the case-body differentially from the plunger, and coacting means carried by the said case-body and plunger for retracting and releasing the plunger, whereby the point at which the plunger is released for striking its blow is shifted.

2. In a riveting device, the combination with a rotary case-body, of a rotary hammerplunger, means for rotating the case-body i differentially from the plunger, `coacting means carried by the said case-body and plunger for retracting and releasing the plunger, whereby the point at which the plunger is released for striking its riveting blow is i i l l i l l i i to strike its riveting blow.

3. In a self-contained riveting device, the combination with a rotary hammer-plunger, of means for causing the same to strike its riveting blow, two rotary cams one of which rotates with the plunger in contact with the other cam, and means for securing differential rotation for the said other cam, that is to say, the cam which is not rotated with the plunger, whereby the release of the hammer-plunger for its riveting blow is controlled.

4. In a self-contained riveting device, the combination with a rotary hammer-plunger, of means for causing the same to strike its riveting blow, an upper cam rotated with the plunger, a lower cam, means for dierentially rotating the lower cam with respect to the upper cam, and means controlled by the plunger for temporarily suspending the said differential rotation of the lower cam.

5. In a self-contained riveting device, the combination with a rotary hammer-plunger, of means for causing the same to strike its riveting blow, an upper cam carried by the said hammer-plunger, a lower cam coacting with the upper cam, means for differentially rotating the said lower cam with respect to the said upper cam for controlling the release of the hammer-plunger for its riveting blow, and a clutch-pin controlled by the hammerplunger and releasing the lower cam for the synchronous rotation of the same with the upper cam when there is no work under the hammer carried by the hammer-plunger.

6. In'a riveting device, the combination with a rotary case-body, of a rotary driver, a hammer-plunger coupled with the said driver for rotation thereby, means for rotating the case-body differentially from the plunger, and coacting means carried by the said casebody and plunger for retracting and releasing the plunger, whereby the point at which the plunger is released for striking its riveting blow is shifted.

7. In a riveting device, the combination with a rotary case-body, of a rotary driver having a slotted coupling-hub and a centering-hole, a hammer-plunger formed at its upper end with a coupling-lug entering the said hub and with a centering-pin entering the said hole, means for rotating the said casebody differentially from the plunger, and coacting means carried by the said case-body and plunger for retracting and releasing the plunger, whereby the point at which the plunger is released for its riveting blow is shifted.

S. In a riveting device, the combination with a rotary case-body, of a rotary driver, a hammer-plunger coupled with the said driver for rotation thereby and having a flange, means for rotating the tcase-body differen- IOO TIO

tially from the driver and plunger, coacting means carried by the said case body and plunger for retracting and releasing the plunger, and a plunger-spring interposed between the said driver and the said fiange.

9. In a self-contained riveting device, the combination with a case-body, of a rotary driver located therein, a hammer-plunger coupled with the said driver for rotation thereby but free to reciprocate independently thereof, a spring for causing the said plunger to strike its riveting blow, an upper cam located in the said case-body and rotating with the hammer-plunger, and a lower cam also located within the said case-body and carried thereby.

10. In a self-contained riveting device, the combination with a rotary case-body, of a rotary driver located therein, a hammer-plunger coupled with the said driver for rotation thereby, a spring for causing the said plunger to strike its riveting blow, an upper cam carried by the said plunger, a lower cam carried by the said case-body, a sleeve interposed between the driver and the lower cam` for holding the latter in place, and means for rotating the case-body differentially with respect to the rotation of the said driver, plunger and upper cam. i

1 1. In a self-contained riveting device, the combination with a rotary case-body, of a rotary driver located therein and formed at its lower end with an annular fiange, a hammerplunger coupled with the said driver for rotation thereby, an upper cam carried by the said plunger,`a lower cam carried by the casebody and formed with an annular flange, a sleeve interposed between the flange of the driver and the flange of the lower cam, and means for rotating the case-body differentially with respect to the upper cam.

12. In a self-contained riveting device, the combination with a rotary case-body, of a rotary driver located therein, a hammerplunger coupled with the driver for rotation thereby, a spring for causing the plunger to strike its riveting blow, an upper cam rotating with the plunger, a lower cam carried by the case-body, means for rotating the casebody differentially with respect to the upper cam, and means mounted in the case-body and controlled by the reciprocation of the plunger for disconnecting the lower cam from the case-body to permit the lower cam to rotate synchronously with the upper cam.

13. In a riveting device, the combination with a case-cap and case-body, of a rotary driver rotating the former and having swivel 'connection with the latter, a hammer-plunger coupled with the driver for rotation thereby, differential gearing between the said cap and body for rotating the body differentially from the cap, driver and plunger, and coacting means carried by the body and plunger for retracting and releasing the plunger,

whereby the point at which the plunger is released for striking its blow is shifted.

14. In a riveting device, the combination with a case-cap and a case-body, of a driver rotating the former and having swivel connection with the latter, a hammer-plunger coupled with the driver for rotation thereby,y

differential pinions carried by the cap and revolving therewith, a fulcrum-gear loosely mounted upon the case-body and held against rotation by means exterior to the device, a driven gear carried by the case-body and meshed into and driven by one of the said differential pinions of which the other meshes into the fulcrum-gear, whereby the casebody is differentially rotated with respect to the plunger, and coacting means carried by the casebody and plunger for retracting and releasing the plunger, whereby the point at which the plunger is released for striking its blow is shifted.

15. In a riveting device, the combination with acase-cap and case-body, of a driver rotating the said cap, a coupling-sleeve making a swivel connection between the said body and driver, a hammer-plunger coupled with the driverfor rotation thereby but free to reciprocate independently thereof, coacting means carried by the body and plunger for retracting and releasing the plunger, and differential gearing between the said cap and body whereby the body is differentially rotated with respect to the cap, driver and plunger.

16. In a riveting device, the combination with a case-cap and case-body, of a rotary driver rotating the cap and having swivel connection with the body, a hammer-plunger coupled with the driver for rotation thereby but free to reciprocate independently thereof, a fulcrum-gear and a driven gear carried by the case-body, arranged concentric with the said plunger and differentiated from each other in size the fulcrum-gear being held against rotation by means exterior to the device; driving and driven pinions carried by the said cap, differentiated in size, rotating together on the same aXis, respectively meshing into the said fulcrum and IOO driven gears and revolved planetwise around the same, whereby the said driven gear is rotated differentially with respect to the rotation of the plunger, and coacting means carried by the plunger and case-body for retracting and releasing the plunger, whereby the point at which the plunger is released for striking its blow is shifted.

17. In a riveting device, the combination with a rotary case, of a driver, a plunger coupled with the driver for rotation thereby but free to reciprocate independently thereof, means for rotating the case differentially from the driver and plunger, means carried by the said caseandplungerforretracting and releasing the plunger, and a spring lol end ofthe hammer which it guides and supcated within the ease for causing the plunger l ports at a point close to the anvil. to strike its blow. l In testimony whereof I have signed this 18. The combination with a riveting del specification in the presence of two subscrib- 5 vice having a hammer, of an anvil-carrier lol ing witnesses.

cated directly below the said hammer and i formed with a clearance-opening, an anvil I mounted in the said carrier, and a hammerl Witnesses: guide mounted i-n the said carrier above and l CLARA L, WEED, ro in line with the anvil and receiving the lower 1 GEORGE D. SEYMOUR.

JOSEPH .PElRELLLv 

